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TYPES OF MEMORY USED IN THE ELECTRONIC ENGINE CONTROL MODULE

As the years go by, the automotive industry seeks to innovate the market more and more, and to reach new segments it must keep those customers most loyal to its brands happy. In the United States, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) appointed the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) to design a communication protocol that would allow any technician, anywhere, to use low-cost equipment and software to have the possibility of Update the ECU firmware in order to install the improvements implemented by each manufacturer.

Now, the components that must be known in automotive computer programming are the types of memory. It is important to know the procedure perfectly and select the appropriate equipment, since there are alternatives on the interface market that can cause confusion when programming. Additionally, there is a possibility that they are not compatible with the manufacturer's software. So, let's see concisely what each of these memories is about.

Within the wide range of Memories that come mounted in automotive electronic control modules (ECM, PCM), three well-defined Groups can be established. Of which we can identify them taking into account their physical characteristics, these memories can be DIL type, PLCC type memory and SOP type memory.

DIL TYPE MEMORY:

This package was one of the first used for cars equipped with electronic injection since 1990. As can be seen in the figure, it has 2 lines with legs or access pins, these can be 28 or 32 pins. A mark or notch can be seen on its encapsulation, we can take this mark as a guide to orient ourselves regarding its numbering, this guide will indicate the location of pin 1 of the memory. We will also find a window in the middle of the component which tells us that we can erase its data with ultraviolet rays.

DIL TYPE MEMORY

PLCC TYPE MEMORY:

This encapsulation was the second used by automotive terminals, it itself has a reduced size and the configuration of its legs surrounds all 4 sides unlike its predecessor (DIL) the number of legs can be 32, 44, 48 legs. The particular thing about this configuration is that the legs or pins are inwards and their mounting is superficial to the motherboard. This simplifies the size of the motherboard and also provides greater capacity inside. These types of memories are electrically erased. On one side it has a mark that indicates the pin 1 position. They can be found mounted directly on the plate as well as on a socket.

PLCC TYPE MEMORY

SOP TYPE MEMORY:

This encapsulation is one of the most used today, it has a storage capacity of 2 to 32 megabytes in automotive use, this encapsulation achieved both in its cost, capacity and space a commitment adopted by automotive electronics manufacturers. The number of pins used is 44 or 48 terminals, it also has a mark which indicates the position of pin 1. This Memory can be electrically erased.

SOP TYPE MEMORY

AUTOMOTIVE MICROPROCESSORS

Microprocessors are integrated circuits that simply execute general-purpose instructions, working with a program of instructions that are provided by a programmer. This program tells the microprocessor to perform long sequences of very simple actions to accomplish useful tasks, such as those intended by the programmer. They have input and output devices, the input devices provide information from the outside world to the system, most microprocessor inputs can process only Digital input signals, at the same voltage level as that of the power supply. A level of 0 Volts is equivalent to circuit ground, and the positive level of the power supply is typically 5 Volts. Output devices are used to communicate the information or actions of the system with the outside world, most of the outputs are digital logic level signals, which are used to drive LEDs or electrical devices such as relays or actuators.


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